Hive Warning: Value had a \n character in it

You stare a hive query it gives following warning

Warning: Value had a \n character in it

Check that your query has proper semi colons for all statements.

Git Tutorial

git init learngit

This will create a new git repo in the folder named learngit.

We are ready now to use git within our local system.

When we say git init , it creates a directory named .git inside the folder.
This contains the stuff needed by git to work.

If you want to copy existing code base in git to your local system , you have another way.

git clone url_name

Create a new file named readme.txt

Add some content to it

git add readme.txt

This command it telling that i want this file to be considered for saving it git.
When we say this , git stores that to index.

Commit the file

git commit --message "Adding a new file"

This command saves the file which we added to index into the git.

git log

Git log shows the history about what work has been done and by whom

git diff

We can use this command to find difference the two commits

git diff master~1 master

Another similar syntax is
master^1


This will show changes to all the files onto master on current version from previous commit

git diff master~1 master --filename.txt

If you want to see diff only for specific file you can use above command.

git diff

without an argument views the differences between the current
working directory and the index staging area.

git diff master

views the differences between the current working directory and the last commit on the
default master branch


While working with word documents you might want to use the

--word-diff

This shows diff at the word level rather then lines

git diff --word-diff master~1 master --filename.txt

Another format of diff is

--stat

This command shows the summary in terms of line changes + and - , rather than details about changes.


To see what is the sha for given reference (branch or master)
use the following example

git rev-parse master

Sbt in Action Summary Notes

Notes from Book Sbt in Action

http://www.manning.com/suereth2/


Chapter 1

Maven concepts

Maven has set of lifecycles

Lifecycle
              Phases
                        Goals ( Tasks in Ant)


Maven has following lifecycles

default ( build and deployment )
clean ( used to clean )
site ( used for documentation )

Each phase can have number of goals
Phases are executed in sequence
All previous phases ( and goals ) are executed if you call some phase

You can assign goals to phases via plugins goals

e.g Maven syntax


SBT is better for

Type safety
Ease of making new tasks
Test and development features for incremental builds

SBT concepts

Sbt just has tasks
Tasks can have dependency with each other.
Tasks with no dependency are executed in parallel
Tasks output can be passed on to next output

Settings
Settings are values ( e.g ) Project name

Plugins
If something is reusable tasks which is done again and again in different projects , we can abstract it as plugin.

This plugin can be used in different projects and can be sourced by build file of projects.


Chapter 2

Download and add sbt to your path

http://www.scala-sbt.org/download.html

Every project using sbt should have two files:

• project/build.properties
• build.sbt

build.properties tell which version of sbt to use
build.sbt tells which all settings are applicable for this project , including the library dependencies

start sbt by typing sbt at command prompt


After sbt starts , you can see the help by typing

> help

This will show all of the help topics

> help

  help                                    Displays this help message or prints detailed help on requested commands (run 'help <command>').
  about                                   Displays basic information about sbt and the build.
  tasks                                   Lists the tasks defined for the current project.
  settings                                Lists the settings defined for the current project.
  reload                                  (Re)loads the project in the current directory
  projects                                Lists the names of available projects or temporarily adds/removes extra builds to the session.
  project                                 Displays the current project or changes to the provided `project`.
  set [every] <setting>                   Evaluates a Setting and applies it to the current project.
  session                                 Manipulates session settings.  For details, run 'help session'.
  inspect [uses|tree|definitions] <key>   Prints the value for 'key', the defining scope, delegates, related definitions, and dependencies.
  <log-level>                             Sets the logging level to 'log-level'.  Valid levels: debug, info, warn, error
  ; <command> (; <command>)*              Runs the provided semicolon-separated commands.
  ~ <command>                             Executes the specified command whenever source files change.
  last                                    Displays output from a previous command or the output from a specific task.
  last-grep                               Shows lines from the last output for 'key' that match 'pattern'.
  export <tasks>+                         Executes tasks and displays the equivalent command lines.
  exit                                    Terminates the build.
  --<command>                             Schedules a command to run before other commands on startup.
  show <key>                              Displays the result of evaluating the setting or task associated with 'key'.


> tasks

This will show which all tasks are defined for this project

> settings

This will show which all settings are applicable for this project

For example which is sScalaversion etc

> settings

This is a list of settings defined for the current project.
It does not list the scopes the settings are defined in; use the 'inspect' command for that.

  autoCompilerPlugins            If true, enables automatically generating -Xplugin arguments to the compiler based on the classpath for the plugin configuration.
  autoScalaLibrary               Adds a dependency on scala-library if true.
  baseDirectory                  The base directory.  Depending on the scope, this is the base directory for the build, project, configuration, or task.
  classDirectory                 Directory for compiled classes and copied resources.
  crossPaths                     If true, enables cross paths, which distinguish output directories for cross-building.
  fork                           If true, forks a new JVM when running.  If false, runs in the same JVM as the build.
  initialCommands                Initial commands to execute when starting up the Scala interpreter.
  javaHome                       Selects the Java installation used for compiling and forking.  If None, uses the Java installation running the build.
  javaSource                     Default Java source directory.
  libraryDependencies            Declares managed dependencies.
  managedResourceDirectories     List of managed resource directories.
  maxErrors                      The maximum number of errors, such as compile errors, to list.
  name                           Project name.
  offline                        Configures sbt to work without a network connection where possible.
  organization                   Organization/group ID.
  publishArtifact                Enables (true) or disables (false) publishing an artifact.
  publishTo                      The resolver to publish to.
  resourceDirectory              Default unmanaged resource directory, used for user-defined resources.
  scalaHome                      If Some, defines the local Scala installation to use for compilation, running, and testing.
  scalaSource                    Default Scala source directory.
  scalaVersion                   The version of Scala used for building.
  sourceDirectories              List of all source directories, both managed and unmanaged.
  sourceDirectory                Default directory containing sources.
  target                         Main directory for files generated by the build.
  unmanagedBase                  The default directory for manually managed libraries.
  unmanagedResourceDirectories   Unmanaged resource directories, containing resources manually created by the user.
  unmanagedSourceDirectories     Unmanaged source directories, which contain manually created sources.
  version                        The version/revision of the current module.

More settings may be viewed by increasing verbosity.  See 'help settings'.

> settings name
Project name.

More settings may be searched by increasing verbosity.  See 'help settings'.

> settings scalaVersion
The version of Scala used for building.

More settings may be searched by increasing verbosity.  See 'help settings'.

> name
[info] learn_sbt
> scalaVersion
[info] 2.10.3
>


Starting Scala console

> console

This will start scala console where you can run scala code

> scala

To exist the scala console type

:q

If you change build.sbt ( or Build.scala) you have to reload the settings using

> reload

To run tests

> test

To continuously run tasks

Prefix them by ~

e.g

> ~comple

This will keep on compiling code with each change

Auto completion works in sbt 

> test<TAB>

This will show set of possible options with tasks similar to test

To run only particular test in sbt

> testOnly <TESTNAME>


Chapter 8

When sbt reads your project description,

it reads the .sbt files in the root directory,
the .sbt files in /project and
.scala files in /project.

It compiles everything that it finds and this gives you your build definition. sbt then runs this build and creates your artifact, your jar or whatever.

Difference between dependency and plugin

A plugin is simply a jar which contains settings or tasks. The jar contains a definition
file which sbt reads to work out what settings and tasks are available.

To include a plugin in your build,  add the following lines to project/plugins.sbt:

project/plugins.sbt

addSbtPlugin("org.scalastyle" %% "scalastyle-sbt-plugin" % "0.4.0")

resolvers += "sonatype-releases" at
"https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/releases/"

Repositories of plugins and dependeicies are different from each other , it means  If you've a repository which contains both plugins and dependencies of your artifact, you'll need to include in both project/plugins.sbt and build.sbt.


Version

When sbt resolves the plugin, it appends both the scala version and the sbt version. But the
appended scala version number is not the scala version that you've declared in the build.sbt,
but the version of scala which is used by sbt.

Example

build.sbt

scalaVersion := "2.9.2"

and you are running sbt version 0.13, then the version appended by addSbtPlugin will be
2.10, not 2.9.2, because sbt 0.13 uses version 2.10 of scala. Similarly, if you are running
sbt version 0.12 and you have scalaVersion := "2.10", then the version appended will be
2.9.

Create your own plugin

Define the code in

project/MyPlugin.scala

In build.sbt

Declare the plugin

Call the plugin defined in project/MyPlugin.scala

Credentials

To add credentials for some repo

Use the file

$HOME/.sbt/0.13/credentials.sbt








SSH multihop from one server to another

At my work i login to server via an intermediary server.

So to go to machine i have to first 

Laptop > Inter > WorkMachine

Lets abbrevate the as

L > I > W

So to directly login via ssh from my L to W i setup multi hop ssh

First we need to generate some key on L

Laptop changes

ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "your_email@example.com"

Then add your new key to the ssh-agent:

# start the ssh-agent in the background
eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
# Agent pid 59566
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Run the following code to copy the key to your clipboard.

pbcopy < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
# Copies the contents of the id_rsa.pub file to your clipboard

Inter changes

Now login to machine Inter (I)

Add the details of newly created ssh key

Run the following code to copy the key to your clipboard.

vi ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
# Paste the contents of clipboard

Save it and exit

Test

Just try to ssh from Laptop to Inter

ssh inter

This should allow you to directly ssh from laptop to inter without password.

Work changes

Now login to WorkMachine and add the key to its authorized keys also following above steps

Laptop changes

In your laptop local ssh config add the following

vi ~/.ssh/config


Paste the content below

 

Host inter

HostName hostname.inter.com

Host workm

Hostname hostname.work.com

ProxyCommand ssh -q inter nc %h 22

 

Final run

To login from laptop directly to WorkMachine

ssh workm